Basic knowledge of RO water treatment plant

Part 1

1. Demineralized water refers to the water in which the cations and anions in the water are basically removed or reduced to a certain degree.

Methods of demineralization include distillation, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, ion exchange and so on.

2. Electrical conductivity can indirectly indicate the content of dissolved salts in water; electrical resistivity is also an indicator reflecting the electrical conductivity of water. The greater the electrical resistivity of water, the worse the electrical conductivity of water, and the fewer ions contained in the water. The electrical conductivity is a reciprocal relationship.

For example: the conductivity of water is 0.2μs/cm, then its resistivity is 1/0.2=5(MΩ.CM).

3. Scale is the solid attachment formed on the pipe wall where the heating surface is in contact with the water after a period of operation due to the poor water quality of the boiler.

Therefore, in order to prevent the formation of scale from affecting the heat transfer efficiency, it is necessary to soften or deionize the boiler water before use.

4. Iron and manganese: Iron exists in the form of water-soluble divalent iron in the reduced state. The properties of manganese are similar to iron, so if ions in water exceed 0.3mg/L will be likely to cause the blockage of RO membrane.

It is recommended to use an aeration device to oxidize iron into yellow-brown colloidal trivalent iron first, and then remove it with a manganese sand filter.

Part 2

1. Coarse filtration: also known as pretreatment, to remove suspended solids, colloids, turbidity, chroma, peculiar smell, etc.; the main filtration methods are clarifiers, multi-media filters, activated carbon filters, disc filtration filter, etc.

2. Desalination: Ultrafiltration cannot desalinate the water, only can remove macromolecules, colloids, bacteria, etc., work as pretreatment; Reverse osmosis desalination through pressure osmosis, simple and convenient to operate, does not require acid-base regeneration; ion exchange equipment requires anion and cation exchange desalination, the operation is more complicated, and need to prepare acid-base regeneration.

Part 3

1. Power industry: Demineralized water is used more often, which requires low conductivity and hardness

2. Chemistry industry: There are many kinds of chemical water, usually the water quality is not higher than the water quality requirements of power industry, but some ions content may be required

3. Medicine: Medical water is mostly required for conductivity and bacteria, so the sterile stainless steel is often used, and sterilization and disinfection devices are usually added for product water

4. Electronics industry: The electronics industry has the highest requirements ofwater, requiring a resistance of 18 (MΩ.CM), and there are high requirements for many of the ions, so there are special requirements for the pipeline during installation, the process is complicated, and the price is relatively high.

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